[Heb 1]
1:1 God, having of old time spoken unto the fathers in the prophets by diverse portions and in diverse manners,
1:2 hath on these last days spoken unto us in 1his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom also he made the 2worlds;
1Gk. a Son,1:3 who being the effulgence of his glory, and 3the very image of his substance, and upholding all things by the 4word of his power, when he had made purification of sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;
2Gk. ages; Cf. Ge ch. 1; 1Tm 1:17 margin.
3Or, the impress of his substance,1:4 having become by so much mightier than the angels, as he hath inherited a more excellent name than they.
4So ℵBA 33 81 arm vg. (p46) 1739 0243 1881* with few others read word of power, when through himself he D and a majority of lesser Gk. mss., copsa,bo,fay read word of his power, when through himself he
1:5 For unto which of the angels said he at any time, 5Thou art my Son, This day have I begotten thee? and again, 6I will be to him a Father, And he shall be to me a Son?
5Ps 2:7.1:6 7And when he again 8bringeth in the firstborn into 9the world he saith, 10And let all the angels of God worship him.
62Sa 7:14.
7Or, And again when he bringeth in1:7 And of the angels he saith, 11Who maketh his angels winds, And his ministers a flame of fire:
8Or, shall have brought in
9Gk. the inhabited earth
10Dt 32:43 Septuagint; compare Ps 97:7.
11Ps 104:4.1:8 but of the Son he saith,` 12Thy throne is the throne of God forever and ever; And the sceptre of uprightness is the sceptre of 13thy kingdom.
12Ps 45:6f. Or, Thy throne, O God, is for the age of the age; or perhaps, …for the greatest age;1:9 Thou hast loved righteousness and hated iniquity; Therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee With the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
13So A 1739 33 81 0243 and most. p46ℵB almost alone read his
1:10 And, 14Thou, Lord, in the beginning didst lay the foundation of the earth, And the heavens are the works of thy hands:
14Ps 102:25ff.1:11 They shall perish; but thou continuest: And they all shall wax old as doth a garment;
1:12 And as a mantle shalt thou roll them up, 15As a garment, and they shall be changed: But thou art the same, And thy years shall not fail.
15So p46ℵBA 1739 copfay arm. 33 81 0243 and most lesser Gk. mss., copsa,bo vg omit As a garment,1:13 But of which of the angels hath he said at any time, 16Sit thou on my right hand, Till I make thine enemies the footstool of thy feet?
16Ps 110:1.1:14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to do service for the sake of them that shall inherit salvation?
[Heb 2]
2:1 Therefore we ought to give the more earnest heed to the things that were heard, lest haply we drift away from them.
2:2 For if the word spoken through angels came to be stedfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense of reward;
2:3 how shall we escape, if we neglect so great a salvation? which having at the first been spoken through the Lord, was confirmed unto us by them that heard;
2:4 God also bearing witness with them, both by signs and wonders, and by manifold powers, and by 17gifts of the Holy Spirit, according to his own will.
17Gk. distributions2:5 For not unto angels did he subject 18the world to come, whereof we speak.
18Gk. the inhabited earth2:6 But one hath somewhere testified, saying, 19What is man, that thou art mindful of him? Or the son of man, that thou visitest him?
19Ps 8:4ff.2:7 Thou madest him 20a little lower than the angels; Thou crownedst him with glory and honor, 21And didst set him over the works of thy hands:
20Or, for a little while lower (and in vs. 9)2:8 Thou didst put all things in subjection under his feet. For in that he subjected all things 22unto him, he left nothing that is not subject to him. But now we see not yet all things subjected to him.
21So ℵCA 1739 33 81 0243 cop(sa,fay),bo arm vg. But p46B and a majority of lesser Gk. mss. omit And didst set him over the works of thy hands:
22So ℵCA 1739 33 81 0243 and most lesser Gk. mss., copsa,bo vg. p46B arm omit unto him2:9 But we behold him who hath been made a little lower than the angels, even Jesus, because of the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor, that 23by the grace of God he should taste of death for every one.
231739txt 0243 almost alone read apart from God2:10 For it became him for whom are all things, and through whom are all things, 24in bringing many sons to glory, to make the 25author of their salvation perfect through sufferings.
24Or, having brought2:11 For both he that sanctifieth and they that are sanctified are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren,
25Or, captain Lit. beginner
2:12 saying, 26I will declare thy name unto my brethren, In the midst of the 27congregation will I sing thy praise.
26Ps 22:22.2:13 And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, 28Behold, I and the little children whom God hath given me.
27Or, church
28Is 8:17f.2:14 Since then the little children are sharers in 29flesh and blood, he also himself in like manner partook of the same; that through death he 30might bring to nought the one having the dominion of death, that is, the devil;
29Gk. blood and flesh, As in Ep 6:12; see footnote.2:15 and might deliver all them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.
30Or, may (and in vs. 15)
2:16 31For truly not to angels doth he give help, but he giveth help to the seed of Abraham.
31Gk. For truly not of angels doth he take hold, but he taketh hold of etc.2:17 Wherefore it behooved him in all things to be made like unto his brethren, that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, in order to make propitiation for the sins of the people.
2:18 32For 33in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succor them that are tempted.
32Or, For having been himself tempted in that wherein he hath suffered[Heb 3]
33Or, wherein he
3:1 Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our confession, even Jesus;
3:2 who was faithful to him that 34made him, as also was Moses in 35all 36his house.
34Or, appointed3:3 For he hath been counted worthy of more glory than Moses, by so much more as he that 37built the house hath more honor than the house.
35So ℵCA 1739 33 81 0243 and most, arm vg. But p13,46vidB copsa,bo,fay almost alone omit all
36That is, God’s house. (and in vss. 5, 6) See Nu 12:7.
37Or, established (three times in vss. 3, 4)3:4 for every house is built by some one; but he that built all things is God.
3:5 And Moses indeed was faithful in all his house as a servant, for a testimony of those things which were afterward to be spoken;
3:6 but Christ as a son, over his house; whose house are we, if we hold fast our boldness and the glorying of our hope38.
38So p13,46B copsa alone. But ℵCA 1739 33 81 0243 and most, copbo arm vg add firm unto the end. (See vs. 14)3:7 Wherefore, even as the Holy Spirit saith, 39Today if ye shall hear his voice,
39Ps 95:7ff.3:8 Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, Like as in the day of the trial in the wilderness,
3:9 40Where your fathers tried me by proving me, And saw my works forty years.
40Or, Wherewith3:10 Wherefore I was displeased with this generation, And said, They do always err in their heart: But they did not know my ways;
3:11 41As I sware in my wrath, 42They shall not enter into my rest.
41Or, So3:12 Take heed, brethren, lest haply there shall be in any one of you an evil heart of unbelief, in falling away from the living God:
42Gk. If they shall enter into my rest.
3:13 but exhort one another day by day, so long as it is called Today; lest any one of you be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin:
3:14 for we are become partakers 43of 44Christ, if we hold fast the beginning of our confidence firm unto the end:
43Or, of the or, with Compare ch. 1:9; 3:6.3:15 while it is said, 45Today if ye shall hear his voice, Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation.
44Lit. Anointed (and so everywhere)
45Ps 95:7f.3:16 For who, when they heard, did provoke? no, did not all they that came out of Egypt by Moses?
3:17 And with whom was he displeased forty years? was it not with them that sinned, whose 46bodies fell in the wilderness?
46Gk. limbs3:18 And to whom sware he that they should not enter into his rest, but to them that were disobedient?
3:19 And we see that they were not able to enter in because of unbelief.
[Heb 4]
4:1 Let us fear therefore, lest haply, a promise being left of entering into his rest, any one of you should seem to have come short of it.
4:2 For indeed we have had 47good tidings preached unto us, even as also they: but the word of hearing did not profit them, because they were not united by faith with them that heard.
47Or, a gospel4:3 48For we who have believed do enter into that rest; even as he hath said, 49,50As I sware in my wrath, 51They shall not enter into my rest: although the works came into being from the foundation of the world.
48So p13,46B 33 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss., copsa (arm). ℵ 1739 81 0243 copbo read We therefore4:4 For he hath said somewhere of the seventh day on this wise, 52And God rested on the seventh day from all his works;
49Ps 95:11.
50Or, So
51Gk. If they shall enter (and in vs. 5)
52Ge 2:2.4:5 and in this place again, 53They shall not enter into my rest.
53Ps 95:11.4:6 Seeing therefore it remaineth that some should enter thereinto, and they to whom the 54good tidings were before preached failed to enter in because of disobedience,
54Or, gospel was before heralded Cf. Mt 4:23.4:7 he again defineth a certain day, Today, saying in David so long a time afterward (even as hath been said before), 55Today if ye shall hear his voice, Harden not your hearts.
55Ps 95:7f.4:8 For if 56Joshua had given them rest, he would not have spoken afterward of another day.
56Gk. Jesus Compare Ac 7:45.4:9 There remaineth therefore a sabbath rest for the people of God.
4:10 For he that is entered into his rest hath himself also rested from his works, as God did from his.
4:11 Let us therefore give diligence to enter into that rest, that no man fall 57after the same example of disobedience.
57Or, into Gk. in4:12 For the word of God is living, and active, and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing even to the dividing of 58soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and quick to discern the thoughts and intents of a heart.
58Or perhaps, self-will Cf. contrast in 1Cor 15:44.4:13 And there is no creature that is not manifest in his sight: but all things are naked and laid open before the eyes of him with whom we have to do.
4:14 Having then a great high priest who hath passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession.
4:15 For we have not a high priest that cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but one that hath been in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.
4:16 Let us therefore draw near with boldness unto the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy, and may find grace to help in time of need.
[Heb 5]
5:1 For every high priest, being taken from among men, is appointed for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins:
5:2 who can bear gently with the ignorant and erring, for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity;
5:3 and by reason thereof is bound, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins.
5:4 And no man taketh the honor unto himself, but when he is called of God, even as was Aaron.
5:5 So Christ also glorified not himself to become a high priest, but he that spake unto him, 59Thou art my Son, This day have I begotten thee:
59Ps 2:7.5:6 as he saith also in another place, 60Thou art a priest for 61ever After the order of Melchizedek.
60Ps 110:4.5:7 Who in the days of his flesh, having offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him 62out of death, and having been heard for his godly fear,
61Gk. the age
62Or, from5:8 though he was a Son, yet learned obedience by the things which he suffered;
5:9 and having been made perfect, he became unto all them that obey him the 63author of eternal salvation;
63Gk. cause5:10 named of God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.
5:11 Of 64whom we have many things to say, and hard of interpretation, seeing ye are become dull of hearing.
64Or, which5:12 For when by reason of the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need again 65that some one teach you the rudiments of the 66first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of solid food.
65Or, that one teach you which are the rudiments5:13 For every one that partaketh of milk is 67without experience of the word of righteousness; for he is a babe.
66Gk. beginning (also in ch. 6:1)
67Or, inexperienced in the word of righteousness;5:14 But solid food is for 68fullgrown men, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern good and evil.
68Or, perfect men,[Heb 6]
6:1 Wherefore leaving 69the doctrine of the first principles of Christ, let us press on unto 70full growth; not laying again a foundation of repentance from dead works, and of faith toward God,
69Gk. the word of the beginning of Christ,6:2 71of the teaching of 72baptisms, and of laying on of hands, and of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal condemnation.
70Or, maturity or, perfection
71p46B 0150 almost alone read even the teaching of6:3 And this 73will we do, if God permit.
72Or, washings,
73So p46ℵBI 1739 33 copbo,fay vg. CA 81 P arm read would6:4 For as touching those who were once enlightened and 74tasted of the heavenly gift, and became partakers of the Holy Spirit,
74Or, having both tasted of ... and being made ... and having tasted etc.6:5 and 75tasted the good word of God, and the powers of the age to come,
75Or, tasted the word of God that it is good,6:6 and then fell away, it is impossible to renew them again unto repentance; 76seeing they crucify to themselves the Son of God afresh, and put him to an open shame.
76Or, the while they crucify6:7 For the land which hath drunk the rain that cometh oft upon it, and bringeth forth herbs meet for them for whose sake it is also tilled, receiveth blessing from God:
6:8 but if it beareth thorns and thistles, it is rejected and nigh unto a curse; whose end is to be burned.
6:9 But, beloved, we are persuaded mightier things of you, and things that 77accompany salvation, though we thus speak:
77Or, belong to salvation,6:10 for God is not unrighteous to forget your work and the love which ye showed toward his name, in that ye ministered unto the saints, and still do minister.
6:11 And we desire that each one of you may show the same diligence unto the 78fulness of hope even to the end:
78Or, full assurance6:12 that ye become not sluggish, but imitators of them who through faith and patience inherit the promises.
6:13 For when God made promise to Abraham, since he could swear by none greater, he sware by himself,
6:14 saying, 79Surely blessing I will bless thee, and multiplying I will multiply thee.
79Ge 22:16f.6:15 And thus, having patiently endured, he obtained the promise.
6:16 For men swear by the greater: and in every dispute of theirs the oath is final for confirmation.
6:17 Wherein God, being minded to show more abundantly unto the heirs of the promise the immutability of his counsel, 80interposed with an oath;
80Gk. mediated6:18 that by two immutable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we may have a strong encouragement, who have fled for refuge to lay hold of the hope set before us:
6:19 which we have as an anchor of the soul, a hope both sure and stedfast and entering into that which is within the veil;
6:20 whither as a forerunner Jesus entered for us, having become a high priest for ever after the order of 81Melchizedek.
81Hb. King of Righteousness. See Ge 14:18-20.[Heb 7]
7:1 For this Melchizedek, king of 82Salem, priest of God Most High, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him,
82Hb. Peace, (later called Jerusalem)7:2 to whom also Abraham divided a tenth part of all (being first, by interpretation, King of righteousness, and afterwards also King of Salem, which is, King of peace;
7:3 without father, without mother, without genealogy, neither beginning of days nor end of life having 83been recorded, but having been made like unto the Son of God), abideth a priest 84continually.
83Implied in Hb. and other Near-Eastern languages.7:4 Now consider how great this man was, unto whom Abraham, the patriarch, gave a tenth out of the chief spoils.
84Or possibly, without succession. Cf. ch. 10:1, 12, 14.
7:5 And they indeed of the sons of Levi that receive the priest’s office have commandment to 85receive tithes of the people according to the law, that is, of their brethren, though these have come out of the loins of Abraham:
85Or, take similarly only in vs. 6.7:6 but he whose genealogy is not counted from them hath received tithes of Abraham, and hath blessed him that hath the promises.
7:7 But without any dispute the less is blessed of the mightier.
7:8 And here men that die receive tithes; but there one is, of whom it is witnessed that he liveth.
7:9 And, so to say, through Abraham even Levi, who receiveth tithes, hath paid tithes;
7:10 for he was yet in the loins of his father, when Melchizedek met him.
7:11 Now if there was perfection through the Levitical priesthood (for under it hath the people been given the law), what further need was there that another priest should arise after the order of Melchizedek, and not be reckoned after the order of Aaron?
7:12 For the priesthood being removed, there cometh to be of necessity a removal also of the law.
7:13 For he of whom these things are said 86belongeth to another tribe, from which no man hath given attendance at the altar.
86Gk. hath partaken of See ch. 2:14.7:14 For it is evident that our Lord hath sprung out of Judah; as to which tribe Moses spake nothing concerning priests.
7:15 And what we say is yet more abundantly evident, if after the likeness of Melchizedek there ariseth another priest,
7:16 who hath become, not after the law of a carnal commandment, but after the power of an 87endless life:
87Gk. indissoluble7:17 for it is witnessed of him, 88Thou art a priest for ever After the order of Melchizedek.
88Ps 110:4.7:18 For there cometh to pass a disannulling of a foregoing commandment because of its weakness and unprofitableness
7:19 (for the law made nothing perfect), and a bringing in thereupon of a mightier hope, through which we draw nigh unto God.
7:20 And inasmuch as it is not without the taking of an oath
7:21 (for they indeed have become priests without an oath; but he with an oath 89by him that saith 90of him, 91The Lord sware and will not repent himself, Thou art a priest for ever92);
89Or, through7:22 by so much also hath Jesus become the surety of a mightier covenant.
90Or, unto
91Ps 110:4.
92So p46BC 33 81 copsa arm vg. A 1739 and the majority of lesser Gk. mss. add after the order of Melchizedek); ℵ* alone omits for ever
7:23 And they indeed have been made priests many in number, because that by death they are hindered from continuing:
7:24 but he, because he abideth for ever, 93hath a priesthood that doth not pass to another.
93Or, hath his priesthood unchangeable. (or, ...inviolable.)7:25 Wherefore also he is able to save 94to the uttermost them that draw near unto God through him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
94Gk. completely7:26 For such a high priest became us, holy, guileless, undefiled, separated from sinners, and came to be higher than the heavens;
7:27 who needeth not daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for his own sins, and afterwards for the sins of the people: for this he did once for all, when he offered up himself.
7:28 For the law appointeth men high priests, having infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was after the law, appointeth a Son, perfected for evermore.
[Heb 8]
8:1 95Now 96in the things which we are saying the chief point is this: We have such a high priest, who sat down on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens,
95Or, Now to sum up what we are saying: We have etc.8:2 a minister of 97the Holies, even of the true 98tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, not man.
96Gk. upon
97Evidently the Holies = the Holy + the Holy of holies, both compartments in the tent. Or, the sanctuary,8:3 For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer.
98Or, tent, and so elsewhere.
8:4 Now if he were on earth, he would not be a priest at all, seeing there are those who offer the gifts according to the law;
8:5 who serve that which is a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, even as Moses is warned of God when he is about to 99make the tabernacle: for, 100See, saith he, thou shalt make all things according to the 101pattern that was shown thee in the mount.
99Or, complete or, erect8:6 But now hath he obtained a ministry the more excellent, by so much as he is also the mediator of a mightier covenant, which hath been enacted upon mightier promises.
100Ex 25:40.
101Gk. τυπος, type
8:7 For if that first covenant had been 102faultless, then would no place have been sought for a second covenant.
102Or perhaps, flawless,8:8 For 103finding fault with them, he saith, 104Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, That I will 105make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah;
103So ℵ*A I 33 81 copsa,bo,fay arm vg. But p46B 1739 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss. read finding fault with it, he saith unto them, etc.8:9 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers In the day that I took them by the hand to lead them forth out of the land of Egypt; For they continued not in my covenant, And I regarded them not, saith the Lord.
104Jer 31:31-34.
105Gk. accomplish
8:10 For this is the covenant that 106I will make with the house of Israel After those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, And on their heart also will I write them: And I will be to them a God, And they shall be to me a people:
106Gk. I will covenant with8:11 And they shall not teach every man his fellow-citizen, And every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: For all shall know me, From the least to the greatest of them.
8:12 For I will be merciful to their iniquities, And their sins will I remember no more.
8:13 In that he saith, A new covenant he hath made the first covenant old. But that which is becoming old and waxeth aged is nigh unto vanishing away.
[Heb 9]
9:1 Now even the first covenant had ordinances of divine service, and its Holy, a sanctuary of this world.
9:2 For there was a 107tabernacle room prepared, the first, wherein 108were the lampstand, and the table, and 109the showbread110; which is called the Holy.
107Gk. tent (and similarly below)9:3 And after the second veil, the tabernacle room which is called 111the Holy of holies;
108Or, are (no verb in the Greek; hence in italics)
109Gk. the setting forth of the loaves;
110B almost alone adds , and the golden altar; (or, censer;) See Ex 30:1-5. (transposed from vs. 4)
111Or, the Most Holy;9:4 having 112a golden 113censer of incense, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein 114was a golden pot holding the manna, and Aaron’s rod 115that budded, and the tables of the covenant;
112B almost alone omits a golden censer of incense, and (transposed to vs. 2)9:5 and above it cherubim of glory overshadowing 116the mercy-seat; of which things we cannot now speak severally.
113Or, altar (however, the incense altar was not solid gold, but overlaid with gold like the ark of the covenant). Cf. Ex 25:38, Lv 16:12, 2Chr 26:19.
114Or, is
115B alone omits that budded
116Gk. the propitiatory;9:6 Now these things having been thus prepared, the priests go in continually into the first tabernacle room, accomplishing the services;
9:7 but into the second the high priest alone goeth, once in the year, not without blood, which he offereth for himself, and for the 117errors of the people:
117Gk. ignorances Cf. Ecclus. 23:2f. (Apocrypha)9:8 the Holy Spirit signifying this, that the way into the Holies hath not yet been made manifest, while the first tabernacle 118hath yet a standing;
118Or, room is yet standing apart; Cf. Mk 15:37-38.9:9 which is a figure for the time present; according to which are offered both gifts and sacrifices that cannot, as touching the conscience, make the worshipper perfect,
9:10 being only (with meats and drinks and divers washings) carnal ordinances, imposed until a time of reformation.
9:11 But Christ having come a high priest of the 119good things to come, through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation,
119So ℵA Ivid 33 81 and most, copsa,bo,fay arm vg. (p46) B 1739 D* read good things that are come,9:12 nor yet through the blood of goats and calves, but through his own blood, entered in once for all into the Holies, having obtained an eternal ransoming.
9:13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling them that have been defiled, sanctify unto the cleanness of the flesh:
9:14 how much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish unto God, cleanse 120your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
120So ℵ 33 81 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss., copsa arm vg. A 1739* read our conscience [B is missing Hb 9:14 to 13:25.]9:15 And for this cause he is mediator of a new 121covenant, that a death having taken place for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first covenant, they that have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.
121The Gk. word here used signifies both covenant and testament. (five times in vss. 15-20.)9:16 For where a last will and testament is, there must of necessity 122be shown the death of him that made it.
122Gk. be brought9:17 For such a testament is of force 123where there hath been death: for 124it doth never avail while he that made it liveth.
123Gk. over the dead: or, over dead bodies:9:18 Wherefore even the first covenant hath not been dedicated without blood.
124Or, doth it ever avail while he that made it liveth?
9:19 For when every commandment had been spoken by Moses unto all the people according to the law, he took the blood of the calves 125and the goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,
125p46 1739 1881 and a few others omit and the goats9:20 saying, 126This is the blood of the covenant which God commanded towards you.
126Ex 24:8.9:21 Moreover the tabernacle and all the vessels of the service he sprinkled in like manner with the blood.
9:22 And according to the law, I may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and apart from shedding of blood there is no remission.
9:23 It was necessary therefore that the copies of the things in the heavens should be cleansed with these; but the heavenly things themselves with mightier sacrifices that these.
9:24 For Christ entered not into Holies made with hands, 127like in pattern to the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear before the face of God for us:
127Lit. antitypes of the true;9:25 nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the Holies year by year with blood not his own;
9:26 else must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once at the 128end of the ages hath he been manifested to disannul sin 129by the sacrifice of himself.
128Lit. consummation9:27 And inasmuch as it is 130appointed unto men once to die, and after this cometh judgment;
129Or, by his sacrifice.
130Gk. laid up for men Compare Col 1:5; 2Tm 4:8.9:28 so Christ also, having been once offered to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time, apart from 131sin-offering, to them that wait for him, unto salvation.
131Hb. uses the same word for sin and sin-offering. This usage is apparently carried over into the Gk.[Heb 10]
10:1 For the law having a shadow of the good things to come, not the very image of the things, 132they can never with the same sacrifices year by year, which they offer continually, make perfect them that draw nigh.
132So ℵCA 33 81 copsa,bo,fay arm. But p46 1739 1881 vg omit they10:2 Else would they not have ceased to be offered? because the worshippers, having been once cleansed, would have had no more consciousness of sins.
10:3 But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance made of sins year by year.
10:4 For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins.
10:5 Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, 133Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, But a body didst thou prepare for me;
133Ps 40:6-810:6 In whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hadst no pleasure:
10:7 Then said I, Lo, I am come (In 134the roll of the book it is written of me) To do thy will, O God,
134Lit. a heading of a scroll it is...10:8 Saying above, Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein (the which are offered according to the law),
10:9 then hath he said, Lo, I am come to do thy will. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second.
10:10 135By which will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
135Or, In10:11 And every 136priest indeed standeth day by day ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, the which can never take away sins:
136So p46,79vidℵ 1739 33 81 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss., copbo vg. CA P copsa,fay arm read high priest10:12 but he, when he had offered one sacrifice for 137sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;
137Or, sins, for ever sat down etc.10:13 henceforth expecting till his enemies be made the footstool of his feet.
10:14 For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified.
10:15 And the Holy Spirit also beareth witness to us; for after having said,
10:16 138This is the covenant that 139I will make with them After those days, saith the Lord: I will put my laws on their heart, And upon their mind also will I write them; then saith,
138Jer 31:33f.10:17 And their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.
139Gk. I will covenant
10:18 Now where remission of these is, there is no more offering for sins.
10:19 Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the Holies by the blood of Jesus,
10:20 by the way which he dedicated for us, a new and living way, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh;
10:21 and having a great priest over the house of God;
10:22 let us draw near with a true heart in 140full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil 141conscience: and having our body washed with pure water,
140Or, fulness of faith,10:23 let us hold fast the confession of our hope that it waver not; for he is faithful that promised:
141Or, conscience, and our body washed with pure water: let us hold fast
10:24 and let us consider one another to provoke unto love and good works;
10:25 not forsaking our own assembling together, as the custom of some is, but exhorting one another; and so much the more, as ye see the day drawing nigh.
10:26 For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more a sacrifice for sins,
10:27 but a certain fearful expectation of judgment, and a 142fierceness of fire which shall devour the adversaries.
142Or, jealousy10:28 A man that hath set at nought Moses’ law dieth without compassion on the word of two or three witnesses:
10:29 of how much sorer punishment, think ye, shall he be judged worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant wherewith he was sanctified 143an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the spirit of grace?
143Gk. a common thing,10:30 For we know him that said, 144Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense. And again, 145The Lord shall judge his people.
144Dt 32:35.10:31 It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
145Dt 32:36.
10:32 But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were enlightened, ye endured a great conflict of sufferings;
10:33 partly, being made a gazingstock both by reproaches and afflictions; and partly, becoming partakers with them that were so used.
10:34 For ye both had compassion 146with them in bonds, and took joyfully the seizing of your possessions, knowing that 147ye have for yourselves a mightier possession and an abiding one.
146So A 1739 33 81 copsa,bo arm vg. ℵ and a majority of lesser Gk. mss. read with my bonds, p46 256 with few others read with them in bonds,10:35 Cast not away therefore your boldness, which hath great recompense of reward.
147So p13,46ℵA 1739 33 81 arm vg. 1175 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss. read ye have your own selves for a better possession etc. Compare Lk 9:25; 21:19.
10:36 For ye have need of 148patience, that, having done the will of God, ye may receive the promise.
148Or, stedfastness,10:37 149For yet a very little while, He that cometh shall have come, and shall not tarry.
149Hab 2:3f.10:38 But 150my righteous one shall live by faith: And if he shrink back, my soul hath no pleasure in him.
150So p46ℵA 1739 33 copsa vg. p13 I and the majority of lesser Gk. mss., copbo read the righteous one10:39 But we are not 151of them that shrink back unto perdition; but of them that have faith unto the 152saving of the soul.
151Gk. of shrinking back ... but of faith[Heb 11]
152Or, gaining
11:1 Now faith is 153an assurance of things hoped for, a 154conviction of things not seen.
153Or, the giving substance to things hoped for,11:2 For therein the elders had witness borne to them.
154Or, test or, proof
11:3 By faith we understand that the ages have been framed by a word of God, so that what is seen hath not been made out of things which appear.
11:4 By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, 155God bearing witness 156over his gifts: and through it he being dead yet speaketh.
155So p13*,46 1739 and the majority of lesser Gk. mss., copbo vg. ℵ*A 33 D* but few others read his gifts bearing witness unto God11:5 By faith Enoch was 157removed that he should not see death; and he was not found, because God removed him: 158for he hath had witness borne to him that before his 159removal he had been well-pleasing unto God:
156Or, in respect of
157Or, changed or, translated (both times) Compare ch. 7:12, 12:27.11:6 and without faith it is impossible to be well-pleasing unto him; for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he 160is a rewarder of them that seek after him.
158Or, for before his removal he hath had witness borne to him that he had been etc.
159Or, change or, translation
160Lit. becomes11:7 By faith Noah, being warned of God concerning things not seen as yet, moved with godly fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house; through which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is according to faith.
11:8 By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed to go out unto a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing whither he went.
11:9 By faith he became a sojourner in a land of promise, as in a land not his own, 161dwelling in tents, with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise:
161Or, having taken up his abode in tents,11:10 for he looked for the city which hath the foundations, whose 162builder and maker is God.
162Or, architect11:11 By faith even 163Sarah herself received power to conceive seed when she was past age, since she counted him faithful who had promised:
163So p13vidℵA 33 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss. But (p46 D*) 1739 81 1881 copsa,bo vg read Sarah herself, who was barren, received power P 2127 arm read Sarah herself, being barren, received power11:12 wherefore also there sprang of one, and him as good as dead, so many as the stars of heaven in multitude, and as the sand, which is by the sea-shore, innumerable.
11:13 These all died 164in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
164Gk. according to faith,11:14 For they that say such things make it manifest that they are seeking after a country of their own.
11:15 And if indeed they had been mindful of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return.
11:16 But now they desire a mightier country, that is, a heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed of them, to be called their God; for he hath prepared for them a city.
11:17 By faith Abraham, being tried, 165offered up Isaac: yes, he that had gladly received the promises was offering up his only begotten son;
165Gk. hath offered up Isaac: See Ge 22:1-19.11:18 even he 166to whom it was said, 167In Isaac shall thy seed be called:
166Or, of whom11:19 accounting that God is able to raise up, even from the dead; from whence he did also in a 168figure receive him back.
167Ge 21:12.
168Gk. parable11:20 By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, even concerning things to come.
11:21 By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph; and worshipped, leaning upon the top of his staff.
11:22 By faith Joseph, when his end was nigh, made mention of the exodus of the sons of Israel; and gave commandment concerning his bones.
11:23 By faith Moses, when he was born, was hid three months by his parents, because they saw he was a goodly child; and they were not afraid of the king’s commandment.
11:24 By faith Moses, when he was grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter;
11:25 choosing rather to share ill treatment with the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season;
11:26 accounting the reproach 169of the Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt: for he looked unto the recompense of reward.
169Or, of Christ or, of the Anointed Cf. 1Co 10:4.11:27 By faith he forsook Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king: for he endured, as seeing him who is invisible.
11:28 By faith he 170instituted the passover, and the sprinkling of the blood, that the destroyer of the firstborn should not touch them.
170Or, kept Gk. hath made11:29 By faith they passed through the Red Sea as by dry land: which the Egyptians assaying to do were swallowed up.
11:30 By faith the walls of Jericho fell down, after they had been compassed about for seven days.
11:31 By faith Rahab the harlot perished not with them that were disobedient, having received the spies with peace.
11:32 And what shall I more say? for the time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah; of David and Samuel and the prophets:
11:33 who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,
11:34 quenched the power of fire, escaped the edges of the sword, from weakness were made strong, waxed mighty in war, turned to flight armies of aliens.
11:35 Women received their dead by a resurrection: but others were 171tortured, not accepting 172their deliverance; that they might obtain a mightier resurrection:
171Or, beaten to death11:36 and others had trial of mockings and scourgings, yes, moreover of bonds and imprisonment:
172Gk. the redemption;
11:37 they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword: they went about in sheepskins, in goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, ill-treated
11:38 (of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in deserts and mountains and caves, and the holes of the earth.
11:39 And these all, having had witness borne to them through their faith, received not the promise,
11:40 God having 173provided some mightier thing concerning us, that without us they should not be made perfect.
173Or, foreseen[Heb 12]
12:1 Therefore let us also, seeing we are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, lay aside every 174weight, and the sin which 175doth so easily beset us, and let us run with 176patience the race that is set before us,
174Or, encumbrance12:2 looking unto Jesus the 177author and perfecter of our faith, who against the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising shame, and hath sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.
175Or, doth closely cling to us or, is admired of many
176Or, stedfastness
177Or, captain12:3 For consider him that hath endured such gainsaying of sinners 178against themselves, that ye wax not weary, fainting in your souls.
178So p13,46(ℵ*) 048 1739 33 81vid copbo vg. A P (1175 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss.) read against himself copsa arm omit against themselves Cf. Nu 16:38.12:4 Ye have not resisted unto blood, striving against sin:
12:5 and ye have forgotten the exhortation which reasoneth with you as with sons, 179My son, regard not lightly the chastening of the Lord, Nor faint when thou art reproved of him;
179Pr 3:11f.12:6 For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, And scourgeth every son whom he receiveth.
12:7 180It is for chastening that ye endure; God dealeth with you as with sons; for what son is there whom his father chasteneth not?
180Or, Endure unto chastening;12:8 But if ye are without chastening, whereof all have become partakers, then are ye bastards, and not sons.
12:9 Furthermore, we had the fathers of our flesh to chasten us, and we gave them reverence: shall we not much rather be in subjection unto the Father of 181spirits, and live?
181Or, our spirits, Gk. the spirits,12:10 For they indeed for a few days chastened us as seemed good to them; but he for our profit, that we may be partakers of his holiness.
12:11 All chastening seemeth for the present to be not joyous but grievous; yet afterward it yieldeth peaceable fruit unto them that have been exercised thereby, even the fruit of righteousness.
12:12 Wherefore 182lift up the hands that hang down, and the palsied knees;
182Gk. make straight12:13 and make straight paths for your feet, that that which is lame be not 183turned out of the way, but rather be healed.
183Or, put out of joint,12:14 Follow after peace with all men, and the sanctification without which no one shall see the Lord:
12:15 looking carefully 184lest there be any man that falleth 185back from the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby the many be defiled;
184Or, whether12:16 lest there be any fornicator, or profane person as Esau, who for one meal sold his own birthright.
185Or, short of the grace
12:17 For ye know that even when he afterward desired to inherit the blessing, he was 186rejected; for he found no place for a change of mind in his father, though he sought it diligently with tears.
186Or, rejected (for he found no place of repentance), etc. Or, rejected; for ... of repentance etc. Compare ch. 6:6 (and Sept. Apocrypha 2Esdras 9:11, Wisdom 12:10).12:18 For ye are not come unto 187something tangible, and that burned with fire, and unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,
187So p46ℵCA 048 33 81 copsa,bo vg. 1739 and the majority of lesser Gk. mss., arm read a tangible mountain,12:19 and the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words; which voice they that heard entreated that no word more should be spoken unto them;
12:20 for they could not endure that which was enjoined, 188If even a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned;
188Ex 19:12f.12:21 and so fearful was the appearance, that Moses said, 189I exceedingly fear and quake:
189Dt 9:19.12:22 but ye are come unto mount Zion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, 190and to 191innumerable hosts of angels,
190Or, and to innumerable hosts, the general assembly of angels, and the church of the firstborn12:23 to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,
191Gk. myriads of angels, or, tens of thousands of angels
12:24 and to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaketh mightier than that of Abel.
12:25 See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not when they refused him that warned them on earth, much more shall not we escape who turn away from him 192that warneth from heaven:
192Or, that is from heaven:12:26 whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, 193Yet once more will I make to tremble not the earth only, but also the heaven.
193Hag 2:6.12:27 And this word, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that have been made, that those things which are not shaken may remain.
12:28 Wherefore, receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us have 194grace, whereby we may offer service well-pleasing to God with 195reverence and awe:
194Or, thankfulness Compare 1Co 10:30.12:29 for our God is a consuming fire.
195Or, godly fear Compare ch. 5:7.
[Heb 13]
13:1 Let love of the brethren continue.
13:2 Forget not to show love unto strangers: for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.
13:3 Remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them; them that are ill-treated, as being yourselves also in the body.
13:4 Let marriage be had in honor among all, and let the bed be undefiled: for fornicators and adulterers God will judge.
13:5 196Be ye free from the love of money; content with such things as ye now have: for himself hath said, 197I will in no wise fail thee, neither will I in any wise forsake thee.
196Gk. Let your way of life be without love of money;13:6 So that with good courage we say, 198The Lord is my helper; I will not fear: What shall man do unto me?
197Dt 31:6; Josh 1:5.
198Ps 118:6.13:7 Remember 199them that lead you, men that spake unto you the word of God; and considering the issue of their 200life, imitate their faith.
199Or, your leaders, Also in vss. 17, 24.13:8 Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today, yes and 201for ever.
200Gk. manner of life,
201Gk. unto the ages.13:9 Be not carried away by divers and strange teachings: for it is good that the heart be established by grace; not by meats, wherein 202they that occupied themselves were not profited.
202Gk. they that walked were not profited.13:10 We have an altar, whereof they have no right to eat that serve the tabernacle.
13:11 For the bodies of those beasts whose blood is brought into the Holies 203by the high priest for sin-offerings, are burned outside the camp.
203Gk. through13:12 Wherefore Jesus also, that he might sanctify the people through his own blood, suffered outside the gate.
13:13 Let us therefore go forth unto him outside the camp, bearing his reproach.
13:14 For we have not here an enduring city, but we seek the one which is coming.
13:15 Through him 204therefore let us offer up a sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of lips which make confession to his name.
204So CA 1739 33 81 0243 and most. p46ℵ D*P almost alone omit therefore13:16 But to do good and to communicate forget not: for with such sacrifices God is well pleased.
13:17 Obey them that lead you, and submit to them: for they watch in behalf of your souls, as they that shall give account; that they may do this with joy, and not with groaning: for this would be unprofitable for you.
13:18 Pray for us: for we are persuaded that we have a good conscience, desiring to live honorably in all things.
13:19 And I exhort you the more exceedingly to do this, that I may be restored to you the sooner.
13:20 Now the God of peace, who brought again from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep 205with the blood of an eternal covenant, even our Lord Jesus,
205Or, by Gk. in13:21 make you perfect in every good 206thing to do his will, working in us that which is well-pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be the glory 207for ever 208and ever. Amen.
206So p46ℵ D* copbo vg almost alone. But C 1739 33 81 0243 copsa (arm) read work A alone reads work and word (compare 2Ths 2:17).13:22 But I exhort you, brethren, bear with the word of exhortation: for I have written unto you in few words.
207Gk. unto the ages of the ages.
208So ℵ(C*)A 1739 33 81 0243 and a majority of lesser Gk. mss., copbo vg. p46 D arm omit and ever
13:23 Know ye that our brother Timothy hath been set at liberty; with whom, if he come shortly, I will see you.
13:24 Salute all them that lead you, and all the saints. 209They of Italy salute you.
209Or, The brethren from Italy salute you.13:25 Grace be with you all.210
210So p46ℵ* Ivid 33 copsa. CA 1739 81 0243 and most lesser Gk. mss., copbo vg add Amen.